Trane Wiring Diagram: DIY Troubleshooting Guide

Navigating the intricacies of a Trane HVAC system can be simplified with a solid understanding of its wiring. Trane units, known for their efficiency, often require precise troubleshooting when issues arise; a detailed Trane wiring diagram acts as your roadmap. A multimeter becomes an invaluable tool when diagnosing electrical problems in these systems, helping you pinpoint exactly where the current flow falters. For homeowners in Atlanta facing heating or cooling malfunctions, having access to and understanding the Trane wiring diagram can drastically reduce repair times and costs.

Demystifying Trane HVAC Wiring Diagrams: A Homeowner's & Technician's Guide

HVAC systems are the unsung heroes of our homes and workplaces, quietly working to keep us comfortable year-round. Understanding how they function, especially their wiring, can empower you to troubleshoot problems, perform basic maintenance, and even save money on repair costs.

For aspiring HVAC technicians, a solid grasp of wiring diagrams is absolutely essential for a successful career.

Why Focus on Trane HVAC Systems?

Trane is a name synonymous with quality and reliability in the HVAC industry. Their systems are known for their durability and efficiency, making them a popular choice for homeowners and businesses alike. Because of their prevalence, understanding Trane HVAC wiring diagrams is a valuable skill.

Working on Trane systems will give you experience that is very in demand by employers and customers alike.

Who This Guide Is For

This guide is designed for two primary audiences:

• DIY Homeowners: If you're a homeowner who likes to tackle basic repairs around the house, this guide will give you the confidence to understand and troubleshoot simple wiring issues in your Trane HVAC system.
• Aspiring HVAC Technicians: If you're considering a career in HVAC, this guide will provide a foundational understanding of wiring diagrams and electrical concepts, setting you up for success in your training and future work.

Whether you're looking to save money on repairs or build a career in HVAC, understanding Trane HVAC wiring diagrams is a valuable asset. This guide will equip you with the knowledge and skills you need to confidently navigate the world of HVAC electrical systems.

Essential Electrical Concepts: Building Your Foundation

Before diving into the intricate world of Trane HVAC wiring diagrams, it's crucial to establish a solid foundation in basic electrical principles. Think of it as learning the alphabet before reading a novel. This section will equip you with the necessary knowledge to understand how HVAC systems function electrically, and more importantly, how to work with them safely.

Understanding Basic Electrical Circuits and Terminology

Electrical circuits are the pathways that allow electrical current to flow and power various components. To navigate these circuits, you'll need to understand a few key terms:

Voltage (Volts)

Voltage, measured in volts (V), is the electrical potential difference or the "pressure" that drives the current through a circuit. Think of it like the water pressure in a pipe – the higher the pressure, the stronger the flow. In HVAC systems, common voltages include 24V (for control circuits), 120V, and 240V (for powering larger components).

Amperage (Amps)

Amperage, measured in amps (A), is the measure of the electrical current flowing through a circuit. It's like the amount of water flowing through the pipe – the more water, the higher the current. HVAC components require specific amperage to operate correctly.

Resistance (Ohms)

Resistance, measured in ohms (Ω), is the opposition to the flow of electrical current. It's like a narrow section in a pipe that restricts water flow. Components like resistors are designed to provide specific resistance in a circuit.

Ohm's Law: The Relationship Between Voltage, Amperage, and Resistance

Ohm's Law describes the relationship between voltage (V), current (I), and resistance (R):

V = I x R

This simple formula is incredibly useful for diagnosing electrical problems.

For example, if you know the voltage and resistance in a circuit, you can calculate the current. Or, if you know the voltage and current, you can calculate the resistance.

Understanding Ohm's Law allows you to predict how changes in one parameter will affect the others.

Grounding and Safety Precautions

Electricity is a powerful force, and safety should always be your top priority. Grounding is a critical safety measure that provides a low-resistance path for electrical current to flow in the event of a fault. This helps prevent electrical shock and damage to equipment.

Always ensure that HVAC equipment is properly grounded.

Before working on any electrical component, always disconnect the power supply.

Use a voltage tester to verify that the power is off. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), such as insulated gloves and safety glasses. Never work on electrical components in wet or damp conditions.

Common HVAC Components and Their Roles

HVAC systems are complex, comprising various electrical components that work together to provide heating and cooling. Let's take a look at some of the key players:

Thermostats: The Brain

The thermostat is the control center of your HVAC system. It senses the temperature and signals the system to turn on or off to maintain the desired setting. Modern thermostats often incorporate advanced features like programmable schedules and Wi-Fi connectivity.

Control Boards: The Central Nervous System

The control board acts as the central processing unit for the HVAC system. It receives signals from the thermostat and other sensors, and then controls the operation of various components, such as the fan, compressor, and heating elements.

Relays: The Switch Hitters

Relays are electrically operated switches that allow a low-voltage circuit to control a high-voltage circuit. They are commonly used to switch on and off larger components like the compressor and fan motor.

Capacitors: The Energy Boosters

Capacitors store electrical energy and provide a boost to start motors, especially the compressor and fan motor. They are essential for ensuring that these motors start smoothly and efficiently.

Fuses & Circuit Breakers: The Protective Guardians

Fuses and circuit breakers are safety devices designed to protect the electrical circuit from overcurrents. They will trip or blow if the current exceeds a safe level, preventing damage to components and potential fires.

Compressors: The Coolant Pump

The compressor is the heart of the cooling system, responsible for compressing the refrigerant and circulating it through the system. It's a high-power component that requires significant electrical energy to operate.

Motors (Fan Motors, Compressor Motors): The Workhorses

Motors are used to drive fans, blowers, and the compressor. Fan motors circulate air throughout the system, while the compressor motor drives the compressor.

Sensors: The Detectors

Sensors monitor various parameters, such as temperature, pressure, and airflow. They provide feedback to the control board, which uses this information to adjust the system's operation.

Understanding these components and their roles will greatly enhance your ability to interpret Trane HVAC wiring diagrams and troubleshoot electrical problems. Remember, safety first! Always prioritize safety precautions when working with electricity.

Decoding Trane Wiring Diagrams: The Blueprint Unveiled

Before diving into the intricate world of Trane HVAC wiring diagrams, it's crucial to establish a solid foundation in basic electrical principles. Think of it as learning the alphabet before reading a novel. This section will equip you with the necessary knowledge to understand how HVAC systems are wired and how to interpret the complex blueprints that guide their installation and repair. Understanding these diagrams isn't just for professionals; it empowers you to troubleshoot issues, understand your system better, and communicate effectively with technicians.

Finding Your Treasure Map: Accessing Trane Wiring Diagrams

Your first quest is to locate the wiring diagram specific to your Trane HVAC unit. These diagrams are like the Rosetta Stone for understanding your system. Luckily, Trane offers several avenues for accessing them.

• Manufacturer's Website (Trane): This should always be your first stop. Navigate to the "Resources" or "Support" section of the Trane website. You'll typically need your model number to search for the correct documentation.

• Technical Manuals: Trane provides comprehensive technical manuals for their equipment. These manuals often include detailed wiring diagrams. You may be able to find downloadable PDFs online, or the manual may have come with your unit.

• Inside the Unit: Believe it or not, many Trane units have a wiring diagram affixed to the inside of a panel! Check the inside of the control panel door or other access panels. This is often a simplified version, but it can be invaluable for quick reference.

• HVAC Forums and Online Communities: These can be great resources, but exercise caution. Always verify information from forums with official Trane documentation.

Cracking the Code: Understanding Symbols and the Legend

Once you have your diagram, it's time to learn to read it. Wiring diagrams use a standardized set of symbols to represent electrical components and connections. A legend is your key! This will often be found on the same page as the diagram.

• Common Symbols: Familiarize yourself with common symbols:

  • Circles: Often represent motors or other rotating components.
  • Rectangles: Represent control boards, transformers, or other electronic components.
  • Lines: Indicate wires and their connections.
  • Dashed Lines: May indicate field wiring (wiring done on-site during installation).
  • Squiggly Lines: Usually represent resistors or heating elements.
  • Diamonds: Often represent switches or relays.

• Decoding the Legend: The legend will tell you exactly what each symbol represents in your specific diagram. Pay close attention to abbreviations and color codes used for wires.

• Voltage and Amperage: Diagrams may indicate voltage ratings for different circuits. This is crucial for safety and troubleshooting.

Navigating the Maze: Key Connections and Components

Wiring diagrams are often complex, showing numerous components and connections. Focus on the key components first to get a sense of the overall system.

• Power Supply: Identify where the power enters the system (usually marked L1, L2, and Neutral or Ground).

• Thermostat: Trace the thermostat wires (often labeled R, G, Y, W, C) to see how they connect to the control board.

• Control Board: This is the brain of the system. Understand how different components are connected to the control board.

• Compressor: Locate the compressor and its associated wiring.

• Fan Motors: Identify the indoor and outdoor fan motors and their connections.

• Safety Switches: Find the high-pressure and low-pressure switches. These are crucial safety components.

• Relays and Contactors: Trace the wiring to relays and contactors, understanding what components they control.

Tips for Effective Diagram Reading:

• Start Simple: Don't try to understand the entire diagram at once. Focus on one circuit or component at a time.

• Trace the Wires: Use your finger or a highlighter to trace the wires from one component to another.

• Cross-Reference: Constantly cross-reference the diagram with the actual components in your unit.

• Take Notes: Annotate the diagram with your own notes and observations.

• Don't Be Afraid to Ask: If you're stuck, consult with a qualified HVAC technician or electrician.

By mastering the art of reading Trane wiring diagrams, you'll unlock a deeper understanding of your HVAC system and gain the confidence to tackle basic troubleshooting tasks. Remember to always prioritize safety and consult with a professional when needed.

Tools of the Trade: Equipping Yourself for Success

Before you even think about touching a wire, it's absolutely critical to arm yourself with the right tools. Trying to troubleshoot or repair HVAC wiring without the proper equipment is like trying to build a house with only a butter knife – frustrating, inefficient, and potentially dangerous! This section will walk you through the essential tools you'll need and how to use them effectively. We’ll also cover safety equipment, because your well-being is paramount.

Essential Tools for HVAC Wiring

Let’s dive into the toolkit. Each of these tools serves a specific purpose, and understanding their functions is key to working safely and efficiently with HVAC wiring. Don't skimp on quality here. Investing in reliable tools will save you headaches (and potentially worse) down the road.

Multimeter: Your Electrical Detective

The multimeter is arguably the most important tool in your arsenal. Think of it as your electrical detective, capable of measuring voltage (AC and DC), current (amps), and resistance (ohms). It allows you to diagnose electrical problems by verifying whether circuits are live, if components are receiving the correct voltage, or if there are any shorts or opens in the wiring.

Knowing how to use a multimeter safely and accurately is crucial. Familiarize yourself with its settings and practice taking measurements on known circuits before tackling any live HVAC wiring.

Voltage Tester: Quick Voltage Checks

Sometimes, you just need a quick way to check if a wire is live. That's where a voltage tester comes in handy. These are simpler and often cheaper than multimeters, designed specifically to detect the presence of voltage. While not as precise as a multimeter, they provide a fast and easy way to confirm that a circuit is de-energized before you start working on it.

Wire Strippers: Exposing the Truth

Wire strippers are essential for removing the insulation from wires without damaging the conductive core. Using the wrong tool, like a knife, can nick the wire and create a weak point, leading to future problems. Choose wire strippers with multiple gauge settings to accommodate different wire sizes commonly found in HVAC systems.

Wire Connectors: Making Connections Securely

HVAC wiring often involves connecting wires together. Avoid simply twisting wires together and taping them. This creates a weak, unreliable connection that can loosen over time and cause problems. Instead, use proper wire connectors like wire nuts or crimp connectors. These provide a secure and insulated connection that will last.

Screwdrivers: Handle with Care

A good set of screwdrivers is indispensable. You'll need both Phillips head and flathead screwdrivers in various sizes to work on the different components of an HVAC system. Invest in screwdrivers with insulated handles for added safety when working around electrical components.

Pliers: Gripping Power

Pliers are useful for gripping, bending, and cutting wires. Needle-nose pliers are particularly helpful for working in tight spaces. Like screwdrivers, choose pliers with insulated handles.

Electrical Tape: Insulation is Key

Electrical tape is used to insulate and protect electrical connections. It's crucial to use high-quality electrical tape that is specifically designed for electrical applications. Always wrap connections tightly to prevent moisture and corrosion from affecting the wiring.

Clamp Meter: Measures Current Without Breaking the Circuit

A clamp meter, also known as an amp clamp, is a specialized type of multimeter that allows you to measure current without having to break the circuit. This is incredibly useful for diagnosing problems with motors and other high-current components.

Continuity Tester: Checks for a Complete Electrical Path

A continuity tester is a simple device used to verify that a circuit is complete. It sends a small electrical signal through the circuit and indicates whether the signal can pass through. This is useful for checking for broken wires, faulty switches, or blown fuses.

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Your Shield

No discussion of tools is complete without emphasizing the importance of PPE. Electricity is unforgiving, and protecting yourself should be your top priority.

• Safety Glasses or Goggles: Protect your eyes from flying debris and accidental electrical arcs.
• Insulated Gloves: Wear gloves that are rated for electrical work to protect your hands from shock. Make sure the gloves are in good condition, with no tears or punctures.
• Proper Footwear: Wear shoes with rubber soles to provide insulation from the ground. Avoid wearing sandals or open-toed shoes.

Working on HVAC systems can be challenging, but with the right tools and a focus on safety, you'll be well-equipped to tackle most wiring tasks. Remember to always consult the manufacturer's instructions and seek professional help when needed.

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting: Diagnosing and Resolving Issues

Tools of the Trade: Equipping Yourself for Success Before you even think about touching a wire, it's absolutely critical to arm yourself with the right tools. Trying to troubleshoot or repair HVAC wiring without the proper equipment is like trying to build a house with only a butter knife – frustrating, inefficient, and potentially dangerous! This section transitions into a comprehensive guide on how to methodically troubleshoot common wiring problems in Trane HVAC systems, arming you with a practical, step-by-step approach. We'll walk through the diagnostic process, offering tips on using your tools effectively and pinpointing those elusive faults.

A Systematic Approach: Your Troubleshooting Roadmap

Troubleshooting HVAC wiring issues can feel like navigating a maze, but with a structured approach, you can find your way to a solution. Don't jump to conclusions; follow these steps for a clear and efficient diagnostic journey.

Patience is key!

Start with the Obvious

Before diving into complex diagnostics, begin with the basics. It sounds simple, but often the easiest fixes are overlooked.

Is the unit receiving power? Check the main power switch.

Inspect the circuit breaker dedicated to the HVAC system. Is it tripped? If so, reset it, but be wary – repeated tripping indicates a larger problem.

Confirm the thermostat is set correctly and calling for heating or cooling. A simple setting error can mimic a wiring issue.

Use Your Multimeter: Become an Electrical Detective

Your multimeter is your best friend when troubleshooting electrical problems. Learn how to use it effectively to measure voltage and amperage.

Voltage Checks: Verify that the correct voltage is reaching the unit and its components. Consult the wiring diagram to identify testing points.

Amperage Checks: Measure the current draw of motors and other components. Compare your readings to the manufacturer's specifications. A significant deviation suggests a problem.

Inspect for Loose Connections and Damaged Wires

Visual inspection is critical. Look for frayed wires, loose connections, or signs of burning. Pay close attention to wire nuts and terminal blocks.

Loose connections are a common cause of electrical problems in HVAC systems. Ensure all connections are tight and secure.

Common Trane Wiring Problems and Their Solutions

Certain wiring problems crop up more often than others in Trane HVAC systems. Here's a look at some frequent culprits and how to address them.

Motors: Fan Motors, Compressor Motors – The Usual Suspects

Motors are workhorses in HVAC systems, and their wiring is often subjected to stress. Problems can range from simple loose connections to more complex issues like short circuits or open windings.

Fan Motors: If the fan isn't running, check the motor's capacitor. A bulging or leaking capacitor is a sign of failure. Use your multimeter to test the capacitor's capacitance.

Compressor Motors: Compressor motor issues can be more complex. If the compressor isn't starting, check the start capacitor and relay. Use your multimeter to test the windings for continuity. No continuity indicates a broken winding.

Important Note: Always discharge capacitors before handling them to avoid electrical shock.

The Continuity Tester: Your Path-Finding Tool

A continuity tester is invaluable for checking the integrity of electrical circuits. It confirms whether a complete, unbroken path exists for electricity to flow.

To use it effectively, disconnect the circuit from power to prevent false readings or damage to the tester. Then, place the tester's probes at opposite ends of the circuit you're testing. If the tester indicates continuity (often with a beep or light), the circuit is intact. If not, you've found a break.

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting Scenarios: Real-World Examples

Let’s tackle a couple of common scenarios to put your troubleshooting skills into practice.

Scenario 1: Thermostat Not Communicating

1. Check the thermostat batteries (if applicable).

2. Verify the wiring connections at both the thermostat and the HVAC unit's control board.

3. Use your multimeter to check for voltage between the R (power) and C (common) terminals at both locations. Lack of voltage indicates a wiring or power supply problem.

Scenario 2: Blower Fan Runs Continuously

1. Check the fan relay on the control board. A stuck relay can cause the fan to run constantly.

2. Inspect the thermostat wiring for shorts or misconnections.

3. If the relay and wiring appear normal, the control board itself may be faulty.

Best Practices: Efficient and Safe Troubleshooting

To maximize your troubleshooting efficiency and ensure your safety, keep these best practices in mind.

• Always Disconnect Power: Before working on any wiring, disconnect the power at the breaker.
• Double-Check Your Work: After making any wiring changes, double-check your connections and polarity.
• Take Pictures: Before disconnecting any wires, take pictures for reference. This helps ensure you reconnect everything correctly.
• When in Doubt, Call a Pro: If you're unsure about any aspect of the troubleshooting process, don't hesitate to call a qualified HVAC technician. It's always better to be safe than sorry.

Safety First: Prioritizing Your Well-being

Step-by-Step Troubleshooting: Diagnosing and Resolving Issues Tools of the Trade: Equipping Yourself for Success Before you even think about touching a wire, it's absolutely critical to arm yourself with the right tools. Trying to troubleshoot or repair HVAC wiring without the proper equipment is like trying to build a house with only a butter knife... and even with the right tools, safety should always be your number one priority. Electricity is powerful and unforgiving, and HVAC systems can pack a serious punch.

This section will walk you through the essential safety precautions you need to take to protect yourself, your family, and your property. Knowing when to call in a pro is just as important as knowing how to use a multimeter.

Essential Safety Precautions: Your Pre-Flight Checklist

Before you even think about picking up a screwdriver, take these precautions:

• Turn off the power! Locate the correct circuit breaker that controls the HVAC unit and switch it to the "off" position. Double-check with a non-contact voltage tester to ensure the power is indeed off before touching any wires. Seriously, triple-check.

• Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Safety glasses protect your eyes from debris, and insulated gloves protect you from electrical shock. Don't skimp on safety gear.

• Work in a well-lit area. Good visibility is crucial to avoid mistakes. If the area is dark, use a flashlight or work light.

• Tell someone you're working on the HVAC system. In case of an emergency, they'll know where to find you.

• Read the manual for your HVAC system and for every tool you are using. This is boring, but it's important.

• Respect the Voltage. Understand the Voltage and associated risks, and don't take any risks with it.

Dealing with Live Wires: A Last Resort

Under absolutely no circumstances should you work on live wires unless it's unavoidable for diagnostics. If you must work with live wires, proceed with extreme caution:

• Use insulated tools designed for live electrical work.
• Wear appropriate PPE, including insulated gloves and safety glasses.
• Work in dry conditions. Never work with electricity in wet or damp environments.
• Have someone nearby in case of an emergency.
• Focus entirely on the task at hand. Avoid distractions.
• Know your limits. If you feel uncomfortable or unsure, stop immediately and call a professional.

Remember, even experienced technicians can make mistakes when working with live wires. It's simply not worth the risk unless absolutely necessary, and even then, the safety protocols must be strictly adhered to.

When to Call the Pros: Knowing Your Limits

Knowing when to call a qualified HVAC technician or electrician is a sign of intelligence, not weakness. If you encounter any of the following situations, don't hesitate to seek professional help:

• You're not comfortable working with electricity. There's no shame in admitting that electrical work isn't your forte.

• You can't identify the problem. If you've tried troubleshooting and are still stumped, a professional can diagnose the issue quickly and accurately.

• You suspect a major electrical problem. Issues like short circuits, faulty wiring, or damaged components require the expertise of a licensed electrician.

• You lack the necessary tools or experience. Don't attempt repairs with inadequate equipment or knowledge.

• You're working on a complex HVAC system. Modern HVAC systems can be incredibly complex, with intricate wiring and advanced controls. Leave these repairs to the experts.

• You are in a regulated jurisdiction and not qualified to do the work. Many jurisdictions require you to have licenses.

• You are simply unsure. Sometimes its just better to be safe, than sorry.

• Remember, your safety and the safety of your loved ones is paramount. Don't take unnecessary risks. A qualified professional has the training, experience, and tools to handle electrical work safely and effectively.

By following these safety precautions and knowing when to call in the pros, you can work on your Trane HVAC system with confidence and peace of mind. Stay safe, and happy troubleshooting!

Resources and Support: Finding Additional Help

Safety First: Prioritizing Your Well-being Step-by-Step Troubleshooting: Diagnosing and Resolving Issues Tools of the Trade: Equipping Yourself for Success Before you even think about touching a wire, it's absolutely critical to arm yourself with the right tools. Trying to troubleshoot or repair HVAC wiring without the proper equipment is like trying to assemble a complex puzzle blindfolded. But, just as important as having the right tools is knowing where to turn when you hit a wall. Don't worry, you're not alone on this journey. Let's explore the wealth of resources available to keep you learning and progressing.

Diving Deeper: Your Guide to HVAC Knowledge

Think of this as your HVAC treasure map. A wellspring of manuals, forums, and support channels stand ready to assist when you need them.

• Technical Manuals: The Bible of HVAC

  First and foremost, get your hands on the technical manuals specific to your Trane unit.

  These aren't just glossy brochures; they are comprehensive guides detailing everything from installation procedures to troubleshooting charts.

  Look for model-specific manuals, as wiring configurations can vary.

  Where to Find Them: Check Trane's official website in the "Resources" or "Support" section. Many older manuals are also available as PDFs through HVAC parts suppliers' websites.

• Online Forums: Your HVAC Community

  The internet is a vast ocean of information, and within it lie numerous HVAC forums, such as HVAC-Talk and DIY Home Improvement Forums.

  These are online communities where homeowners and professionals alike share their experiences, ask questions, and offer advice.

  Participating in these forums can provide invaluable insights and solutions to common problems.

  Navigating Forums: When posting, be specific about your Trane model and the issues you're encountering. The more information you provide, the better the chances of receiving helpful responses.

Connecting with Trane: Direct Support Channels

Sometimes, you need to go straight to the source. Trane offers several channels for contacting their technical support representatives.

• Trane's Official Website

  The official Trane website should be your first stop.

  Look for a "Contact Us" or "Support" section, where you'll find information on reaching their customer service team.

  Many manufacturers provide specific contact details for technical issues related to HVAC systems.

• Finding a Local Trane Dealer

  Sometimes, the best help comes from someone who knows your local climate and common issues.

  Trane has a network of certified dealers across the country.

  These dealers can provide on-site assistance and expert advice tailored to your specific needs.

  Use Trane's website to locate a dealer near you. They can be found through the "Find a Dealer" tool.

• Prepare Your Questions: Maximizing Support

  When contacting Trane support, come prepared.

  Have your unit's model number, serial number, and a detailed description of the issue readily available.

  This information will help the support representative diagnose the problem more effectively.

Beyond the Basics: Additional Learning Resources

• HVAC Training Programs

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  If you're serious about mastering HVAC wiring, consider enrolling in a formal training program at a vocational school or community college.

  These programs provide hands-on experience and comprehensive instruction in all aspects of HVAC systems.

• YouTube Channels and Online Courses

  Platforms like YouTube and Skillshare offer a wealth of free and paid courses on HVAC repair and maintenance.

  Look for channels run by experienced HVAC technicians who provide clear and concise explanations.

  This can be a great way to supplement your knowledge and skills.

Remember, HVAC systems can be complex, and your safety is paramount. Never hesitate to seek help from qualified professionals. By leveraging the resources and support available, you'll be well-equipped to understand and maintain your Trane HVAC system.

So, there you have it! Hopefully, this DIY troubleshooting guide helps you navigate the often-intimidating world of your Trane system. Remember, working with electricity can be risky, so when in doubt, always call a qualified HVAC technician. But with a little patience and the right Trane wiring diagram, you might just save yourself a service call! Good luck, and stay cool (or warm)!